Three coal-fired TVA plants in Tennessee and one in Alabama must install pollution controls after a federal judge ruled in favor of North Carolina Attorney General Roy Cooper’s claims that the facilities were discharging pollutants responsible for up to 1400 deaths a year in the region.

Before the trial started, the TVA said it had already spent some $4.8 billion during the past few decades to improve air quality and emissions, with another $1 billion in the works and plans for $3 billion more in the next decade.

Here’s the judge’s opinion.